Science

In collaboration with Dr. Steven Weinman, M.D., Ph.D. (Director of the Liver Center at University of Kansas, Kansas City, Kansas), Cardax evaluated the capacity for a proprietary astaxanthin (ASTX) prodrug (CDX-085) to ameliorate oxidative stress-induced hepatic dysfunction in an animal model of disease. In unstressed mice, an 11-day oral administration of 500mg/kg of CDX-085 to mice delivered high levels of ASTX to plasma and liver and importantly liver mitochondria. Eight weeks of CDX-085 treatment (500mg/kg in chow) significantly reduced systemic oxidative stress in vivo measured as diminished MDA levels (TBAR assay, p=0.005).  To further evaluate ASTX influence on disease states,...

By Timothy J. King, Ph.D., Vice President, Research, and A. David Hieber, Ph.D., Associate Director, Biology Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) T2DM is one of the most common age related diseases both in the U.S. and internationally. In 2012, approximately 29.1 million people in the U.S. were currently diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in addition to as many as 8.1 million (28%) estimated remaining undiagnosed [1]. In addition, approximately 86 million are pre-diabetic in the U.S. T2DM is the 7th leading cause of death and is also the leading cause of kidney failure in the U.S. As of...

By Timothy J. King, Ph.D., Vice President, Research Osteoarthritis Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis, a chronic disease of aging.  Effective and safe long-term treatment for most OA patients is not available, creating a large unmet medical need. The potential market for OA is very large, where it is estimated that more than 150 million middle class people globally suffer from OA.  Symptomatic knee OA alone affects roughly 12% of persons 60 years or older.  The number of people with arthritis is projected to grow substantially, with the CDC estimating that by 2030 more than 67...

By Timothy J. King, Ph.D., Vice President, Research The role of oxidative stress and inflammation in liver injury and liver dysfunction as well as the potential for antioxidants to ameliorate liver disease has been established in both animal models and human trials [Sanchez-Valle et al. 2012; Pacana and Sanyal 2012]. Studies utilizing rodent models of liver disease have also demonstrated the efficacy of astaxanthin (ASTX) in ameliorating liver injury [Kang et al. 2001; Curek et al. 2010]. Earlier this year, Shen et al. extended these observations by publishing the effects of ASTX treatment in mouse models of surgically induced (bile...

By Timothy J. King, Ph.D., Vice President, Research The role of oxidative stress and inflammation in liver injury and liver dysfunction as well as the potential for antioxidants to ameliorate…

By Timothy J. King, Ph.D., Vice President, Research Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis, a chronic disease of aging. Effective and safe long-term treatment for most OA…

By Timothy J. King, Ph.D., Vice President, Research Studies utilizing rodent models of diabetes, diabetic nephropathy and metabolic dysfunction have shown astaxanthin (ASTX) administration to significantly and positively alter diabetes-associated…